Template class help us to use generic
classes and functions. Template allows a function or class to work on many
different data types without being rewritten for each one. Instead of writing
multiple overloaded function for the same purpose but with different data types
we can use template class and do the same with a single function.
Class template
Class template : A class template same as
regular class, except it is prefixed by the keyword template. Using the class
templates, we can implemented a class can have members with template
parameters.
Example I :
#include <iostream.h>
template<class
t1>
class
A
{
t1 a;
public:
A(t1
x)
{
a=x;
}
void display()
{
cout<<a<<endl;
}
};
int
main()
{
A <int>o1(4);
A <float>o2(8.7);
A <char>o3('F');
o1.display();
o2.display();
o3.display();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
4
8.7
F
Example II:
#include <iostream.h>
template<class
T>
class
TMCL
{
private:
T x,y;
public:
TMCL()
{
}
TMCL(T a,T b)
{
x=a;
y=b;
}
void
display();
void
sum();
};
template<class T>
void TMCL<T>::display()
{
cout<<"\n\tX :
"<<x<<" & "<<"Y
: "<<y;
}
template<class T>
void TMCL<T>::sum()
{
cout<<"\n\tSum =
"<<x+y;
}
void
main()
{
int
a,b;
float
x,y;
cout<<"\n\tEnter
two Integer No. : ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout<<"\n\tEnter two Real No. : ";
cin>>x>>y;
TMCL<int>T1(a,b);
TMCL<float>T2(x,y);
T1.sum();
T2.sum();
}
LisnkList Using Template Class
//linked list using template//
#include <iostream.h>
#include<process.h<
template<class
t>
class
list
{
private:
t
data;
list
*head,*next,*ptr;
public:
list()
{
head=NULL;
}
void
input(t);
void
Display();
// void
del
};
template<class
t>
void
list<t>::input(t n)
{
list
*ptr1;
ptr1=new
list();
ptr1->data=n;
ptr1->next=NULL;
if(head==NULL)
{
ptr=head=ptr1;
}
else
{
ptr->next=ptr1;
ptr=ptr1;
}
}
template<class
t>
void
list<t>::Display()
{
list
*ptr1;
ptr1=head;
cout<<"\n\tValues
: ";
while(ptr1!=NULL)
{
cout<<ptr1->data<<"
";
ptr1=ptr1->next;
}
}
int SubMenu()
{
int c;
cout<<"\n\t1.
Input";
cout<<"\n\t2.
Display";
cout<<"\n\t3. Exit";
cout<<"\n\tChoice
? ";
cin>>c;
return
c;
}
void
main()
{
list<int>L;
list<float>L1;
int ch=0,c=0;
int
n;
float
n1;
while(ch!=4)
{
cout<<"\n\t1.
Integer Data";
cout<<"\n\t2.
Real Data";
cout<<"\n\t3.
Exit";
cout<<"\n\tChoice
? ";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case
1:
c=0;
while(c!=3)
{
c=SubMenu();
switch(c)
{
case
1:
cout<<"\n\tEnter a No. : ";
cin>>n;
L.input(n);
break;
case
2:
L.Display();
break;
case
3:
break;
}
}
break;
case
2:
c=0;
while(c!=3)
{
c=SubMenu();
switch(c)
{
case
1:
cout<<"\n\tEnter
a No. : ";
cin>>n1;
L1.input(n1);
break;
case
2:
L1.Display();
break;
case
3:
break;
}
}
break;
case
3:
exit(0);
}
}
}
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